What is Herpes?

Herpes is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are two main types: HSV-1, which usually causes cold sores around the mouth, and HSV-2, which more often affects the genitals. However, either type can occur in both areas. Herpes is spread through skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex, and it can also spread through kissing if sores are present. There is no cure for herpes, but antiviral medications can help manage outbreaks and reduce the chance of passing it to others.

Symptoms

Many people with herpes do not notice any symptoms, or symptoms may be so mild that they go unnoticed. Even without symptoms, herpes can still spread to partners. When symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Painful blisters or sores on or around the mouth, genitals, or anus

• Itching, burning, or tingling in the affected area before sores appear

• Pain during urination (if sores are near the urethra)

• Flu-like symptoms such as fever and swollen lymph nodes during the first outbreak